I've benefited a lot from Codeguru, and now is my turn to contribute a bit. Printing a tree view is not as simple as calling WM_PAINT message, the default printing only prints visible parts of the tree view. In the article contributed by Mike Wild entitled A Print Enabled Tree Control , a really good job has been done. However, the drawing of the tree items has to be done by the program itself, which requires a long program code. In this article, I propose a simpler way to draw the tree view by calling the default WM_PAINT message. The program can print the whole region of the tree view not restricted by the current window size (horizontally and vertically) by playing some tricks. Also, the background color of the tree view window is removed in the printing, as background color is normally unwanted during printing. The program does pagination automatically as the tree view might exceed one page. Header and footer are inserted in the printing, too.

The trick behind the program is, the program enlarges the window size to cover the entire boundary of the tree view, then the program calls the WM_PAINT message to perform default printing to a DC. The background color of the DC is then removed. The code is modified from the article Setting a background color. The prepared tree bitmap in its device-dependent form cannot be sent directly to the printer DC, unexpected result might be obtained. The device-dependent bitmap is converted to DIB using DDBToDIB() function. This function is copied from Converting DDB to DIB. After that, the DIB is sent to the printer DC using StretchDIBits() function.

If the tree view is longer than the paper size, the program determine the maximum rows per page and paginates the tree view into several pages accordingly. After printing, the window is restored to the original size and position. Besides printing the tree view, the program also copies the prepared tree view bitmap to the clipboard for user to save the bitmap elsewhere.

Tree view header file:

Several message handling functions have to be declared using the class wizard, i.e. OnPreparePrinting(), OnBeginPrinting(), OnPrepareDC(), OnPrint(), and OnEndPrinting().

In the tree view header file, include the following variable declarations and function declaration:

// Attributes
public:
	CTreeCtrl* Tree;

protected:
	CImageList m_treeicon;

private:
	CRect rcBounds;
	int m_nCharWidth;
	int m_nRowHeight;
	int m_nRowsPerPage;
	HANDLE hDIB;
	WINDOWPLACEMENT WndPlace;

// Operations
public:
	void PrintHeadFoot(CDC *pDC, CPrintInfo *pInfo);
	HANDLE DDBToDIB( CBitmap& bitmap, DWORD dwCompression, CPalette* pPal );

Tree view implementation file:

At the tree view constructor, add the following line. This is a pointer for easier access to the CTreeCtrl class associated with the tree view.

CPrtTViewView::CPrtTViewView()
{
	Tree=&GetTreeCtrl();
}

After creating the message handlers, replace them with the following code:

#define LEFT_MARGIN 4
#define RIGHT_MARGIN 4
#define TOP_MARGIN 4
#define BOTTOM_MARGIN 4

BOOL CPrtTViewView::OnPreparePrinting(CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{
	return DoPreparePrinting(pInfo);
}

void CPrtTViewView::OnBeginPrinting(CDC* pDC, CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{
	HTREEITEM hItem=Tree->GetRootItem();
	Tree->GetItemRect(hItem,rcBounds,TRUE);
	m_nRowHeight = rcBounds.Height();

	// Find the total number of visible items & the right most coordinate
	int ItemCount=0;
	do
	{
		ItemCount++;
		CRect rc;
		Tree->GetItemRect(hItem,rc,TRUE);
		if (rc.right>rcBounds.right)
			rcBounds.right=rc.right;
		hItem=Tree->GetNextItem(hItem,TVGN_NEXTVISIBLE);
	}
	while (hItem);

	// Find the entire print boundary
	int ScrollMin,ScrollMax;
	GetScrollRange(SB_HORZ,&ScrollMin,&ScrollMax);
	rcBounds.left=0;
	if (ScrollMax>rcBounds.right)
		rcBounds.right=ScrollMax+1;
	rcBounds.top=0;
	rcBounds.bottom=m_nRowHeight*ItemCount;

	// Get text width
	CDC *pCtlDC = Tree->GetDC();
	if (NULL == pCtlDC) return;
	TEXTMETRIC tm;
	pCtlDC->GetTextMetrics(&tm);
	m_nCharWidth = tm.tmAveCharWidth;
	double d = (double)pDC->GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSY)/(double)pCtlDC->GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSY);
	ReleaseDC(pCtlDC);

	// Find rows per page
	int nPageHeight = pDC->GetDeviceCaps(VERTRES);
	m_nRowsPerPage = (int)((double)nPageHeight/d)/m_nRowHeight-TOP_MARGIN-BOTTOM_MARGIN;

	// Set maximum pages
	int pages=(ItemCount-1)/m_nRowsPerPage+1;
	pInfo->SetMaxPage(pages);

	// Create a memory DC compatible with the paint DC
	CPaintDC dc(this);
	CDC MemDC;
	MemDC.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);

	// Select a compatible bitmap into the memory DC
	CBitmap bitmap;
	bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(&dc, rcBounds.Width(), rcBounds.Height() );
	MemDC.SelectObject(&bitmap);

	// Enlarge window size to include the whole print area boundary
	GetWindowPlacement(&WndPlace);
	MoveWindow(0,0,::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXEDGE)*2+rcBounds.Width(),
		::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYEDGE)*2+rcBounds.Height(),FALSE);
	ShowScrollBar(SB_BOTH,FALSE);

	// Call the default printing
	Tree->EnsureVisible(Tree->GetRootItem());
	CWnd::DefWindowProc( WM_PAINT, (WPARAM)MemDC.m_hDC, 0 );

	// Now create a mask
	CDC MaskDC;
	MaskDC.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);
	CBitmap maskBitmap;

	// Create monochrome bitmap for the mask
	maskBitmap.CreateBitmap( rcBounds.Width(), rcBounds.Height(), 1, 1, NULL );
	MaskDC.SelectObject( &maskBitmap );
	MemDC.SetBkColor( ::GetSysColor( COLOR_WINDOW ) );

	// Create the mask from the memory DC
	MaskDC.BitBlt( 0, 0, rcBounds.Width(), rcBounds.Height(), &MemDC,
		rcBounds.left, rcBounds.top, SRCCOPY );

	// Copy image to clipboard
	CBitmap clipbitmap;
	clipbitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(&dc, rcBounds.Width(), rcBounds.Height() );
	CDC clipDC;
	clipDC.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);
	CBitmap* pOldBitmap = clipDC.SelectObject(&clipbitmap);
	clipDC.BitBlt( 0, 0, rcBounds.Width(), rcBounds.Height(), &MemDC,
		rcBounds.left, rcBounds.top, SRCCOPY);
	OpenClipboard();
	EmptyClipboard();
	SetClipboardData(CF_BITMAP, clipbitmap.GetSafeHandle());
	CloseClipboard();
	clipDC.SelectObject(pOldBitmap);
	clipbitmap.Detach();

	// Copy the image in MemDC transparently
	MemDC.SetBkColor(RGB(0,0,0));
	MemDC.SetTextColor(RGB(255,255,255));
	MemDC.BitBlt(rcBounds.left, rcBounds.top, rcBounds.Width(), rcBounds.Height(),
		&MaskDC, rcBounds.left, rcBounds.top, MERGEPAINT);

	CPalette pal;
	hDIB=DDBToDIB(bitmap, BI_RGB, &pal );
}

void CPrtTViewView::OnPrepareDC(CDC* pDC, CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{
	CTreeView::OnPrepareDC(pDC, pInfo);

	// Map logical unit of screen to printer unit
	pDC->SetMapMode(MM_ANISOTROPIC);
	CClientDC dcScreen(NULL);
	pDC->SetWindowExt(dcScreen.GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSX),dcScreen.GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSX));
	pDC->SetViewportExt(pDC->GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSX),pDC->GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSX));
}

void CPrtTViewView::OnPrint(CDC* pDC, CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{
	// Save dc state
	int nSavedDC = pDC->SaveDC();

	// Set font
	CFont Font;
	LOGFONT lf;
	CFont *pOldFont = GetFont();
	pOldFont->GetLogFont(&lf);
	lf.lfHeight=m_nRowHeight-1;
	lf.lfWidth=0;
	Font.CreateFontIndirect(&lf);
	pDC->SelectObject(&Font);

	PrintHeadFoot(pDC,pInfo);
	pDC->SetWindowOrg(-1*(LEFT_MARGIN*m_nCharWidth),-m_nRowHeight*TOP_MARGIN);

	int height;
	if (pInfo->m_nCurPage==pInfo->GetMaxPage())
		height=rcBounds.Height()-((pInfo->m_nCurPage-1)*m_nRowsPerPage*m_nRowHeight);
	else
		height=m_nRowsPerPage*m_nRowHeight;
	int top=(pInfo->m_nCurPage-1)*m_nRowsPerPage*m_nRowHeight;

	pDC->SetBkColor(RGB(255,255,255));
	pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(0,0,0));

	LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpbi;
	lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)hDIB;
	int nColors = lpbi->biClrUsed ? lpbi->biClrUsed : 1 << lpbi->biBitCount;
	BITMAPINFO &bmInfo = *(LPBITMAPINFO)hDIB;
	LPVOID lpDIBBits;
	if( bmInfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount > 8 )
		lpDIBBits = (LPVOID)((LPDWORD)(bmInfo.bmiColors +
			bmInfo.bmiHeader.biClrUsed) +
			((bmInfo.bmiHeader.biCompression == BI_BITFIELDS) ? 3 : 0));
	else
		lpDIBBits = (LPVOID)(bmInfo.bmiColors + nColors);
	HDC hDC=pDC->GetSafeHdc();
	StretchDIBits(hDC,				// hDC
		0,							// DestX
		0,							// DestY
		rcBounds.Width(),			// nDestWidth
		height,						// nDestHeight
		rcBounds.left,				// SrcX
		rcBounds.Height()-top-height,	// SrcY
		rcBounds.Width(),			// wSrcWidth
		height,						// wSrcHeight
		lpDIBBits,					// lpBits
		&bmInfo,					// lpBitsInfo
		DIB_RGB_COLORS,				// wUsage
		SRCCOPY);					// dwROP

	pDC->SelectObject(pOldFont);
	pDC->RestoreDC( nSavedDC );
}

void CPrtTViewView::OnEndPrinting(CDC* pDC, CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{
	GlobalFree(hDIB);
	SetWindowPlacement(&WndPlace);
	RedrawWindow();
}

void CPrtTViewView::PrintHeadFoot(CDC *pDC, CPrintInfo *pInfo)
{
	CClientDC dcScreen(NULL);
	CRect rc;
	rc.top=m_nRowHeight*(TOP_MARGIN-2);
	rc.bottom = (int)((double)(pDC->GetDeviceCaps(VERTRES)*dcScreen.GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSY))
		/(double)pDC->GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSY));
	rc.left = LEFT_MARGIN*m_nCharWidth;
	rc.right = (int)((double)(pDC->GetDeviceCaps(HORZRES)*dcScreen.GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSX))
		/(double)pDC->GetDeviceCaps(LOGPIXELSX))-RIGHT_MARGIN*m_nCharWidth;

	// Print App title on top left corner
	CString sTemp;
	sTemp=GetDocument()->GetTitle();
	sTemp+=" object hierarchy";
	CRect header(rc);
	header.bottom=header.top+m_nRowHeight;
	pDC->DrawText(sTemp, header, DT_LEFT | DT_SINGLELINE | DT_NOPREFIX | DT_VCENTER);

	rc.top = rc.bottom - m_nRowHeight*(BOTTOM_MARGIN-1);
	rc.bottom = rc.top + m_nRowHeight;

	// Print draw page number at bottom center
	sTemp.Format("Page %d/%d",pInfo->m_nCurPage,pInfo->GetMaxPage());
	pDC->DrawText(sTemp,rc, DT_CENTER | DT_SINGLELINE | DT_NOPREFIX | DT_VCENTER);
}

HANDLE CPrtTViewView::DDBToDIB( CBitmap& bitmap, DWORD dwCompression, CPalette* pPal )
{
	BITMAP bm;
	BITMAPINFOHEADER bi;
	LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpbi;
	DWORD dwLen;
	HANDLE hDIB;
	HANDLE handle;
	HDC hDC;
	HPALETTE hPal;

	ASSERT( bitmap.GetSafeHandle() );

	// The function has no arg for bitfields
	if ( dwCompression == BI_BITFIELDS )
		return NULL;

	// If a palette has not been supplied use defaul palette
	hPal = (HPALETTE) pPal->GetSafeHandle();
	if (hPal==NULL)
		hPal = (HPALETTE) GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE);

	// Get bitmap information
	bitmap.GetObject(sizeof(bm),(LPSTR)&bm);

	// Initialize the bitmapinfoheader
	bi.biSize               = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
	bi.biWidth              = bm.bmWidth;
	bi.biHeight             = bm.bmHeight;
	bi.biPlanes             = 1;
	bi.biBitCount           = bm.bmPlanes * bm.bmBitsPixel;
	bi.biCompression        = dwCompression;
	bi.biSizeImage          = 0;
	bi.biXPelsPerMeter      = 0;
	bi.biYPelsPerMeter      = 0;
	bi.biClrUsed            = 0;
	bi.biClrImportant       = 0;

	// Compute the size of the  infoheader and the color table
	int nColors = (1 << bi.biBitCount);
	if ( nColors > 256 )
		nColors = 0;
	dwLen = bi.biSize + nColors * sizeof(RGBQUAD);

	// We need a device context to get the DIB from
	hDC = ::GetDC(NULL);
	hPal = SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
	RealizePalette(hDC);

	// Allocate enough memory to hold bitmapinfoheader and color table
	hDIB = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_FIXED,dwLen);

	if (!hDIB)
	{
		SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
		::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
		return NULL;
	}

	lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)hDIB;

	*lpbi = bi;

	// Call GetDIBits with a NULL lpBits param, so the device driver
	// will calculate the biSizeImage field
	GetDIBits(hDC, (HBITMAP)bitmap.GetSafeHandle(), 0L, (DWORD)bi.biHeight,
		(LPBYTE)NULL, (LPBITMAPINFO)lpbi, (DWORD)DIB_RGB_COLORS);

	bi = *lpbi;

	// If the driver did not fill in the biSizeImage field, then compute it
	// Each scan line of the image is aligned on a DWORD (32bit) boundary
	if (bi.biSizeImage == 0)
	{
		bi.biSizeImage = ((((bi.biWidth * bi.biBitCount) + 31) & ~31) / 8)
			* bi.biHeight;

		// If a compression scheme is used the result may infact be larger
		// Increase the size to account for this.
		if (dwCompression != BI_RGB)
			bi.biSizeImage = (bi.biSizeImage * 3) / 2;
	}

	// Realloc the buffer so that it can hold all the bits
	dwLen += bi.biSizeImage;
	if (handle = GlobalReAlloc(hDIB, dwLen, GMEM_MOVEABLE))
		hDIB = handle;
	else
	{
		GlobalFree(hDIB);

		// Reselect the original palette
		SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
		::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
		return NULL;
	}

	// Get the bitmap bits
	lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)hDIB;

	// FINALLY get the DIB
	BOOL bGotBits = GetDIBits( hDC, (HBITMAP)bitmap.GetSafeHandle(),
							0L,                             // Start scan line
							(DWORD)bi.biHeight,             // # of scan lines
							(LPBYTE)lpbi                    // address for bitmap bits
							+ (bi.biSize + nColors * sizeof(RGBQUAD)),
							(LPBITMAPINFO)lpbi,             // address of bitmapinfo
							(DWORD)DIB_RGB_COLORS);         // Use RGB for color table

	if( !bGotBits )
	{
		GlobalFree(hDIB);

		SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
		::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
		return NULL;
	}

	SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
	::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
	return hDIB;
}

Download demo project - 49 KB

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